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Review of the report year
Armed conflicts in a global context
The report year was marked by ongoing and intensifying wars and conflicts. Recent escalations led to numerous attacks on civilian airports, temporary closures of airports and airspaces, and significant risks to civil aviation.
Hybrid warfare
Hybrid activities by state or state-affiliated actors continued to intensify and gain relevance during the report year. Disinformation, cyberattacks, espionage, and sabotage were used in a targeted manner to weaken Western states and their critical infrastructure. Civil aviation was also increasingly affected and faced an increasingly complex threat landscape.
Terrorist threat
The terrorist threat remained high during this period, particularly due to the ongoing conflicts in the Middle East. In Western countries, this has resulted in an increase in attacks carried out by individuals or loosely coordinated small groups, sometimes using hybrid methods, against soft targets—especially Jewish and Israeli institutions—as well as acts of violence against Jews. As in the rest of Europe, the dynamics of the Middle East conflict are increasing the likelihood of such acts of violence in Switzerland as well. The threat is not expected to decrease as long as the military escalation in the Middle East continues. While civil aviation in Europe and the US was spared from direct attacks, it once again became a focal point of propaganda.